为了改善麻花钻的切削性能，可根据被加工材料的性质将切削部分修磨成各种外形。麻花钻的柄部形式有直柄和锥柄两种，加工时前者夹在钻夹头中，后者插在机床主轴或尾座的锥孔中。一般麻花钻用高速钢制造。镶焊硬质合金刀片或齿冠的麻花钻适于加工铸铁、淬硬钢和非金属材料等，整体硬质合金小麻花钻用于加工仪表零件和印刷线路板等。扁钻的切削部分为铲形，结构简单，制造成本低，切削液轻易导入孔中，但切削和排屑性能较差。扁钻的结构有整体式和装配式两种。

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判断微型泵排气端工况以上都是在讨论微型泵抽气端阻力的问题，根据这些判断条件已经缩小了选型的范围，但还必须考虑排气端阻力问题，这样才能*终确定可选范围。在实际应用中，微型真空泵面临的排气状况是不一样的：一类是排气很顺畅，直通大气；另一类是排气阻力较大，比如在排气管路上有阀、细小弯管、大阻尼传感器、非的消音器、在液面以下排气、气体排往密闭或半密闭容器等。在现代设计制造中，把面对不同排气条件的微型真空泵区别对待。